高考常考动词的时态和语态汇总
作者：英语组徐爱华 来源：未知点击数：
次发布时间：2013-10-28
| 一般现在时 | ||
| 一般过去时 | ||
| 一般将来时 | ||
| 过去将来时 | ||
| 现在进行时 | ||
| 过去进行时 | ||
| 现在完成时 | ||
| 过去完成时 | ||
| 将来进行时 | ||
| 现在/完成进行时 | ||
1 一般现在时考点:
在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来动作(主将从现):
When you come next time, bring me some magazines.
We shall go there tomorrow, if time allows.
Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home.
表时间引导词: when; before; until/till; as soon as; the moment; immediately
表条件引导词: if; unless; once
表让步引导词: whenever; no matter when; even if/even though; in case
If he comes back, I will tell him when he _____ to see you again.
- comes B. is going to come C. will come D. came
A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write
(06全I) 2l. The house belongs to my aunt but she______ here any more.
- hasn't lived B. didn't live C. hadn't lived D. doesn't live
A. didn’t work B. wasn’t working C. doesn’t work D. isn’t working
(06全II)20. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads ____ rising these days.
A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping
2 一般过去时 考点:
通常与表示过去时间的状语如 yesterday, last year, in 1980, just now, three weeks ago , at that time , then, in my childhood, at the age of 10, once ,in those days等连用。
(06全I) 29. The water ______ cool when I joined into the pool for morning exercise.
A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels
(06江西)21. My cousin went to Canada two yours ago. He ____ there for a few months and then went to America．
A．worked B．would work C．would be working D. has been working
(06津)4. What we used to think ______impossible now does seem possible.
A. is B. was C. has been D . will be
(06陕)7. —You look very tired. _______at all last night?
—No, not really. I’m tired out now.
A. Do you sleep B. Were you sleeping C. Did you sleep D. Had you slept
3 一般将来时考点
通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, tomorrow morning, next year, how soon, in two days(过两天), in the future
一般将来时是由“will / shall + 动词原形”构成的(shall只限于第一人称),其否定式shall not 和will not 常简略为shan’t 和won’t。
一般将来时的常用结构
①用于“I expect, I’m sure, I think, I wonder + 宾语从句”中
Don’t worry about the exam. I’m sure you’ll pass.
I don’t think the test will be very difficult.
②用于“祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句”中
Work hard and you will succeed.
Go at once , or you will miss her.
③与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用
I’ll let you know as soon as he arrives.
If you ask him, he will help you.
We shall go unless it rains.
将来时间的其他表达法:
1) be going to + 动词原形
will表示将来，通常是指事先无计划的意图，是临时决定的； be going to则表示事先有计划的意图，是经过考虑的。
— George phoned while you were out.
— Ok. I’ll phone him back. （临时决定）
— Matthew phoned while you were out.
— Yes, I know. I’m going to phone him back. （早有安排）
2) “am/is/are+ 动词ing”的形式，即用进行式表示将来。
这种结构用来表示按计划或安排将要做的动作，多用于瞬间动词，如go, come, leave, arrive, close, fly , start, take等。
Where are you going this afternoon?
The president is flying to New York this weekend.
3) “am/is/are about+动词不定式”这种结构表示打算或安排即将发生的动作，通常不与时间状语连用, 常与when连用构成并列句:
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
4) “be +动词不定式”这一结构也表示计划，安排即将发生的动作。
The headmaster is to meet us at 10:00 am.
(06川) Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ___ off at 18:20.
A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken
4 过去将来时是由“would/should + 动词原形”构成的。
(06北京)27. --- _______ leave at the end of this month.
--- I don’t think you should do that until ________ another job.
A. I’m going to ; you’d found B. I’m going to ; you’ve found
C. I’ll ; you’ll find D. I’ll ; you’d find
(06北京) 30. --- Your job ________ open for your return.
--- Thanks.
A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept
(06辽)29. I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phones, for I sometimes want to make sure if he _____ home for dinner.
A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come
(06福建)24.Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane________.
A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off
5 现在进行时和过去进行时 考点:
与现在进行时连用的时间状语有now, today, in these days, this week, this year, right now 等
Don’t interrupt me; I am correcting students’ homework.
The population of the world is increasing rapidly now.
与过去进行时连用的时间状语有at that time, in those days, this time 以及时间状语从句等。
过去进行时的特殊用法
a.表示故事发生的背景
It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.
Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.
b. 过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。
I was walking in the street when someone called me.
We were playing outside when it began to rain.
(06重庆)21.I have to go to work by taxi because my car_______ at the garage.
A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
(06徽)25．I along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ．
A．went; was occurring B．went; occurred
C．was going; occurred D．was going; had occurred
----Hey , look where you are going!
----Oh , I’m terrible sorry . .
A. I’m not noticing B. I wasn’t noticing
C. I haven’t noticed D. I don’t notice
.6. 将来进行时考点
1)表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。Don’t phone me between 5 and 6. We’ll be having dinner then.
When I get home, my wife will probably be watching television.
She won't be having a meeting in her office at 8:00 tomorrow.
2) . 表示按计划或安排要发生的动作
I will be seeing you next week. 我下个星期来看你。
I’ll be taking my holidays soon. 不久我将度假了。
We shall be going to London next week. 下周我们要去伦敦。
3) 将来进行时表示委婉语气
Will you be having some tea?
Will you be passing the post office when you’re out?
Will you be using your bicycle tomorrow morning?
4) 为避免will给人误以为是表示“意愿”的情态动词，口语中表示单纯的将来时常用将来进行时。如：
Mary won’t pay this bill. 玛丽不肯付这笔钱。(表示意愿)
Mary won’t be paying this bill. 不会由玛丽来付钱。(单纯谈未来情况)
- 现在完成时 考点:
现在完成时的构成形式是“have / has +过去分词”。表示发生在过去并已完成但对现在仍有影响或产生结果的动作。常用的状语有:
不确定的过去时间状语：already, yet, before, recently, lately
That kind of bird ____________( become ) more numerous around here lately.
近来在附近一带那种鸟越来越多了。
频度时间状语：often, sometimes, ever, never, once, rarely
He is one of the very best men I _______ ever ______(meet).
他是我遇见的最好的人之一。
since + 具体时间，表示动作或状态从过去开始到现在
I ___________( not hear ) from him since last year.
我自去年以来未曾收到过他的信。
until/by now, up till now, so far, up to the moment 到目前为止
I _________(have) no reply from her so far.
我至今没有得到她的答复。
for + 一段时间，表示动作或状态持续了多久
We ___________( study )English for years.
我们学英语已有好几年了。
in/during the past/last five years 在刚刚过去的5年里
In the past few years I ____________(be) to this area for 5 times.
在“It is + 一段时间+since”结构中，It is也可改用It has been.
It is (has been) a year since I came to this school.
(It was ten years since we had had such a good time.)
他们结婚到现在已经十年了。
________________________________________________.
自从我们看望你母亲以来到现在有多长时间了？
______________________________________________________.
在“It is the first time (that) …”中, that从句中用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited Guangzhou.
( It was the third time that I had made the same mistakes.)
It is the first time I ____________( win ) since I'd learnt to play chess.
自从我学会下国际象棋以来，这是我第一次赢。
My friend,who ______ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.
A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served
8 现在完成进行时 考点:
现在完成进行时是由“have/has been + 现在分词”构成的,强调自过去某时间一直持续进行到现在。
He is ill. He’s been lying in bed for three weeks. 他病了，已经卧床3个星期了。
现在完成进行时常和all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语以及since和for引导的状语连用。
I have been reading Hemingway’s Farewell to Arms recently. 我最近一直在读海明威的《永别了，武器》。
She has been reciting the words all the morning. 她整个上午都在背单词。
辨: She was reciting the words this morning.
9 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较
①现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。
Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？
Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗？
②现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩，而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。
I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。（可能表示不满）
I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。（说明一个事实）
③现在完成进行时强调动作，而现在完成时强调结果。
Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些）
Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩）
10. 过去完成时 考点:
过去完成时是由“had+过去分词”构成的。过去完成时表示的时间是“过去的过去”，这一概念通常通过by介词短语（截至…时间）、before和after引导的时间状语从句后上下文来表示
By then, by that time, until, by the end of, by the time +clause
1他在来学院前已经学过一些英语
She ______________ ( learn ) some English before she came to the institute.
2 他说他在国外待了3年。
He said that he ____________ ( be ) abroad for 3 years.
3 到那时为止他对此仍然一无所知。
Until then he _____________ ( know ) nothing about it.
2. intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。
I had meant to come, but something happened.
I had intended to call on you, but was prevented from doing so.
我本想帮你的，但当时确实太忙了。
_________ ( mean ) to help you , but I was too busy at the moment.
3. 常用在hardly/scarcely/barely … when… / no sooner … than … 等结构中，表示“刚刚……就……”。
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
4 我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。
Hardly _______ I _______ ( get ) home when the rain _______( pour) down.
5 我们才刚刚开动，汽车的轮胎就漏气了 。
Scarcely ___________ we ( start ) when the car _________ ( get ) flat tyre.
6．我们10年都没这么快乐了。
It ________ ( be )10 years since we ________________ ( have ) such a wonderful time.
It was/had been + time since ( had done )
7 那时我第三次犯同样的错误。
It -______ ( be ) the third time that he _________ ( make ) the same mistakes.
练习
(全I) 31.Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ________ yesterday.
A. was happening B. happens
C. has happened D. happened
(全II) 12.John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he ___ for the wedding. A. will plan B. has planned
C. would plan D. had planned
(06广东)32. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She before.
A. hasn't flown B. didn't fly
C. hadn't flown D. wasn't flying
(06湖南)24.I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I ______ to half a dozen other groups.
A. was giving B. am giving
C. had given D. have given
11 被动语态常考点:
1) get+过去分词”结构
被动语态除常用“be +过去分词”构成外，还可用“get+过去分词”结构。这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。
The boy got hurt when he was riding to school. 那孩子骑车上学时受伤了. (get married, get dressed; get burnt, get stuck… )
2) 像cost, weigh, measure等动词表示数量、重量、大小或程度时，不能用被动语态。
This kind of dictionary costs ten dollars.
Each stone weighs one ton.
The room measures 120 square metres.
3) 动词read, write, translate, act, add, wash, wear, cook, lock, sell, tear, cut, keep, feel, burn, last, run, record等常和表示行为方式的状语连用，用主动式表示被动意义。
The book sells well. 这书的销路很好。
My pen writes smoothly. 我的笔很好写。
The machine runs well. 机器运转良好。
His voice records well. 他的音录下来很好。
The play reads more easily than acts. 这剧本易读不易演。
This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 meters wide. 这个大厅长100米，宽60 米。
4) smell, look, sound, taste, feel, seem等系动词无被动式.
5)不可拆开的短语动词，如take place, lose heart, belong to, consist of等不用被动语态。
The book belongs to me. 这本书是我的。
1. The construction of the new railway lines_______________ by now.
A. has been completed B. have been completed C. has completed D. have completed
2.When he turned professional at the age of 11, Mike _____ to become a world champion by his coach and parents..
A. expected B. was expecting C. was expected D. would be expected
3.Customers are asked to make sure that they ______ the right change before leaving the shop.
A. will give B. have been given C. have given D. will be given
6 在动词want、need、require等后面常用动名词表示被动含义，等于不定式的被动形式。
- The bike needs (wants) repairing. ( = to be repaired )
- Your clothes require washing. ( = to be washed )
- This novel is well worth reading.
- It well worth making the effort to learn how to do it.
- The food is not worth eating.
- This novel is worthy of being read a second time.
be dressed in / be lost in / be faced with / be caught in/ be seated He felt nervous with so many people seated at the back of the classroom.
He is seated at the back of the classroom.
It is said that the book has been translated into Chinese.
The book is said to have been translated into Chinese.
9 有些不及物动词或词组如:happen, belong to, break out 等没有进行时态和被动语态.
- The bike I rode yesterday doesn’t belong to me.
- A fire broke out last night.
- What happened there?
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